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Electricity is essential for homes, and wiring inside homes is an important matter that must be properly installed and inspected because if there is a mistake, it can lead to damage to life and property.
How many types of electrical wiring are there in a home?
Selecting the type of electrical wiring inside the house is important and needs to be planned from the beginning of house construction because it is related to the convenience of installation and beauty. Electrical wiring inside the house can be divided into 2 main types:
Exposed electrical wiring inside the house
The traditional method of wiring in homes is to attach the wires to the walls. There are two main types:
- Clip-on type: This is to attach the wires to the wall, bend them along the poles, along the beams, and connect them to the sockets and electrical appliances, with clips to hold them in place at intervals.
- Conduit type: This is to thread the wires through metal pipes or PVC plastic pipes. This type of wiring helps to keep the wires durable, safe, and easy to check. However, be careful not to make the wires in the pipe too dense, as this can cause a short circuit.
The advantages of exposed wiring in the home are that it saves time and budget for installation and can be easily repaired without having to dismantle the walls.
The disadvantage is that it requires meticulous installation. Switches or sockets are protruding from the wall, so you have to check the furniture arrangement to make it fit. And if you have to run a lot of wires, it will make your house look messy and unsightly.
Indoor electrical wiring embedded in the wall
Wiring in conduits embedded in walls or ceilings makes the walls of the house smooth, with no visible wires. For wiring inside the house embedded in walls, if it is embedded in a lightweight wall, the process is not complicated because there is space inside between the frames, making it convenient to run wires. And the conduits can be installed while the frames are being installed and then the wall panels can be closed.
As for hiding the wires in the brick wall, you have to drill a hole in the wall and use a pipe to run the wires down the hole. Therefore, the wiring requires good planning and the use of an experienced technician.
The advantages of wall-mounted electrical wiring inside the house are that it looks neat and beautiful, saves space, has no blocks protruding from the wall, is more durable, and is safer against short circuits because the wires do not have to be exposed to the outside weather.
The disadvantages of wall-mounted wiring are that the installation process is quite complicated, the cost is higher, it requires an experienced technician, and if there is damage in an area that cannot be seen, it will be quite difficult to repair.
Different types of home electrical wiring: advantages/disadvantages
| Wiring Patterns | Pros | Cons |
|---|---|---|
| Exposed Wiring | – Save time and budget – Easier to repair and renovate | -Requires meticulousness in installation – Has switches or sockets protruding from the wall – Makes the house look messy and unsightly |
| Wall-mounted wiring | – Looks neat and beautiful – Save space – No blocks floating out of the wall – More durable – Safer against short circuits | -The installation process is quite complicated – Higher cost – Requires skilled technicians – Repair is quite complicated |
Know the 6 types of electrical wires for proper selection
Types of wires for installation are divided into those for use with low voltage and high voltage. For residences, low voltage wires are often used, which are wires used for voltages not exceeding 750 volts, made of copper or aluminum, but are generally copper wires.
The small-sized cables are single-conductor cables, the large-sized cables are twisted conductors, and the insulation used is PVC and XLPE. The types of low-voltage cables include:
- THW is a single wire, that withstands 750 volts, operating temperature at 75 degrees Celsius, suitable for wiring under the ceiling and in the wall. It should not be buried in the ground. It is popular in industrial plants because it can be used in 3-phase electrical circuits.
- VAF has a pair of wires and a ground wire, 2 cores or 3 cores, is a flat wire, the conductor is insulated and has another layer of sheath, withstands a voltage of 300 volts, operating temperature at 70 degrees Celsius, suitable for floating wiring, do not bury in the ground, popularly used in residential houses.
- VCT/VCT-G insulation and sheath are made of PVC. The conductor is a small copper wire bundled together as a core. There are 1-4 cores. The VCT-G cable is a VCT cable with another ground wire. It can withstand a voltage of 750 volts and a working temperature of 70 degrees Celsius. It is suitable for electrical appliances that need to be grounded.
- NYY/NYY-G is available in both single-core and multi-core types. It has an additional layer of sheathing, withstands 750 volts, and has an operating temperature of 70 degrees Celsius. It is suitable for direct burial or pipe installation. It is popularly used outside buildings.
- THW-f (flexible) or IEC02, single-core round flexible cable, PVC insulation, withstands voltage not exceeding 750 volts, temperature not exceeding 70 degrees Celsius, suitable for wiring inside electrical equipment in control cabinets, in pipes under the ceiling and in walls.
- IEC10 round cable has 2-4 cores, withstands voltage of 300/500 volts, temperature not exceeding 70 degrees Celsius, suitable for wiring in homes, under ceilings, and walls.
How to install electrical equipment safely in your home
Although electricity has many benefits, it also has hidden dangers. Therefore, it should be installed and maintained correctly for safety and to extend the life of the electrical system in the home.
- Install an automatic circuit breaker. If there is a current leakage from the electrical appliance or a short circuit, this device will immediately cut off the electrical circuit.
- Install a grounding wire. The grounding wire will be installed at the main power supply, reducing the dangers that may occur in the circuit. It usually works in conjunction with an automatic circuit breaker.
- Separate the circuit into sections for ease of repair and maintenance, especially electrical appliances that require high electricity, such as air conditioners, which should have separate switches.
- Choose quality electrical wires, using wires that have passed the standards of the Thai Industrial Standards Institute or TIS for safety.
- Choose an experienced and skilled technician. This is the most important thing in obtaining a safe and beautiful electrical system in the home.
